Rated one of Pennsylvania's top blog/sites, the LuLac Political Letter delves into issues of politics on all levels (with special concentration on Luzerne and Lackawanna Counties: thus the name LULAC) and pop culture.
The LuLac Political Letter was also named Best Political Blog of the Year for 2014 by NEPA BLOGCON and most recently David Yonki was named Best Blogger of the year 2015 by the publication Diamond City.
Sunday, April 12, 2026
The LuLac Edition #5, 626, April 12th, 2026
FOOD-TASTIC NEWS
ICE & RICE
VERY NICE!!!!
GELATO
AND
ITALIAN ICE
Italian
ice is a semi-frozen sweetened treat compose d of finely granulated ice and
fruit concentrates, juices, or purées, or other natural or artificial food
flavorings. Italian ice is derived from Italian granita and is in many ways
similar to sorbet and snow cones, but differs from American-style sherbet in
that it does not contain dairy or egg ingredients. The ingredients in Italian
ice are mixed, then whipped during the freezing process similar to the process
for making ice cream. As a group, Italian ice comes in a variety of
consistencies from crunchy, to smooth, to slushy.In Philadelphia and the Delaware Valley,
Italian ice is known as water ice. In Boston and other places in New England,
it is known as slush — not to be confused with a slushie, which is a drink.
Italian
ice was introduced to the United States by Italian immigrants and is derived
from the Sicilian granita, a similar and related Italian dessert, with Italian
immigrants often selling it in the streets of cities such as New York City and
Philadelphia. Traditionally lemon-flavored, popular modern choices include
cherry, strawberry, and other fruits and confections.
The
Italian word sorbetto and English sherbet come from fruit syrups sweetened with
honey or palm sugar and diluted with water that were once drunk by Arabs.
In Italy,
Italian ice or granita seems to have appeared at the same time as ice cream in
the second half of the 17th century. Both products use the same technology.
Italian ice can be used as a stand-alone refreshment, dessert, or as a palate
restorer in a multi-course meal.
Locally
we have two franchises of water ice, Rita’s as well as Josies. You can get
all flavors with any combination of toppings. Expect to pay over $10.00 for 2
large but they are delicious and you an store them in the fudge if you, like
me, eat ice cream, incrementally.
My
favorite flavor is Blacxk Cherry followed closely by lime. Lime, however, is a
scarce commodity in both so when they do make it, grab it.
Finely
granulated flavored ice of Italian immigrant origin is instead commonly
referred to and sold as water ice by residents and natives of Philadelphia and
the Philadelphia metropolitan area, including South Jersey.
Although
largely synonymous with Italian ice, water ice has also been described as a
specific type of Italian ice originating in Philadelphia, or a "variation
on the more broadly-accepted Italian ice".
One
summer I worked at a place in Moosic overnight that made Luigi’s Italian Ice. I
had to take the finished product which was boxed and stack it into this huge
freezer. It was the summer of ’95 and blazing hot outside. The contrast of the
cold and the heat is most likely one of the reasons why I have arthritic hands.
My favorite Luigi’s…..grape and cherry.
FRIED RICE RECIPE
With the
high cost of dining out, even a Chinese box of fried rice mightbe off your checklist. But I found a great
recipe to make it on your own. This restaurant-style Chinese Fried Rice recipe
is the best ever! It tastes even better than takeout and is ready to eat in
just 15 minutes. This is one of the most popular recipes on Everyday Easy Eats,
for good reason. Learn how to make homemade fried rice with this easy recipe
that is guaranteed to be a crowd-pleaser.
Use cold,
cooked rice: The key to making perfect Chinese fried rice is using leftover,
refrigerated rice. This is because chilled (preferably day-old) rice will
separate nicely and won’t clump together in the pan. A freshly-cooked batch of
warm rice will not fry well when it hits the hot pan, and will result in mushy
clumps.
Use
long-grain, white rice: It cooks up fluffy and not sticky, with individual
grains remaining distinct and firm. I find that Jasmine or Basmati rice gives
the best consistency, fragrance, and flavor.
Use
butter: Japanese steakhouses use a big pat of butter when they’re making fried
rice for good reason. Using butter (rather than oil) makes the rice brown up
perfectly and just makes everything taste so much better.
Use a wok
or large skillet: You want to use a pan that seems large for the amount of rice
and other ingredients you are using. This allows the ingredients in the pan to
heat up quickly and evenly. It also gives you plenty of room to toss everything
together without anything falling out of the pan.
Be sure
to use the tips above to make sure your fried rice turns out perfect, every
single time!
Okay,
let’s talk ingredients. To make this homemade fried rice recipe, you will need:
Cooked,
chilled rice: Make sure your rice has been cooked in advance and thoroughly
chilled in the fridge in a sealed container. As I said before, freshly-cooked
rice will not work well in this recipe.
Onions,
carrots, peas, and green onions: This is the base mix of vegetables that I
always use for fried rice, but feel free to substitute any other stir-fry
vegetables you have on hand.
Garlic
and ginger: These two ingredients add a zesty kick and depth of flavor. Always
use freshly minced garlic and grated ginger for the best flavor.
Eggs:
These add a good dose of protein, as well as flavor and texture. If possible,
you should use organic, pasture-raised eggs for maximum health benefits.
Soy
sauce: This savory condiment forms the base of the rice’s flavor. You could
also use tamari, which is essentially gluten-free soy sauce. I recommend always
purchasing high-quality organic tamari and soy sauce. Soybeans are one of the
top GMO and pesticide-laden crops, so it’s worth spending the extra money on
organic.
Sriracha:
This spicy sauce adds a good amount of heat without overpowering the rest of
the flavors in the dish.
Butter:
Again, butter just makes everything better. I recommend using grass-fed butter
if you can.
Saute the
veggies: Start by cooking the vegetables and aromatics in a bit of butter until
tender.
Cook the
eggs: Push the veggies to one side of the pan. On the cleared side, scramble up
the eggs in the last bit of butter. Then, stir to combine everything together.
Stir-fry
the rice and sauces: Next, add the rice, soy sauce, and Sriracha. Stir-fry the
mixture for a couple of minutes to pull all the flavors together.
Garnish
and serve: Sprinkle with some sliced green onions over top the fried rice, then
serve it up nice and warm.
Here are
other variations.
Pineapple
Fried Rice: Canned or fresh pineapple can be traditional in Chinese or Thai
fried rice. Just dice and stir it in to combine.
Kimchi
Fried Rice: Kimchi adds an incredible flavor boost to fried rice. Just chop and
mix it in your fried rice.
Chicken
Fried Rice: Cook a couple of chicken breasts in a pan. Then shred or dice and
add it to your fried rice. For a shortcut, use leftover or rotisserie chicken.
Shrimp
Fried Rice: Pan-fry a pound of peeled, raw shrimp and then stir it into your
fried rice.
Pork
Fried Rice: Cook a boneless pork chop in a pan, then dice and add to your rice.
Beef
Fried Rice: Sauté steak or brown ground beef in a pan, then crumble or dice and
add to your fried rice.
Or you
can make your own House Fried Rice and add beef, chicken, pork, anything you
want. Except pizza, or tomato sauce. That would be so wrong.
John Paul
Jones (born John Paul, was a British-American naval officer who served in the
Continental Navy during the American Revolutionary War. Often referred to as
the "Father of the American Navy", Jones is regarded by several
commentators as one of the greatest naval commanders in the military history of
the United States.
Born in
Arbigland, Kirkcudbrightshire, Jones became a sailor at age 13 and served
onboard several different merchantmen, including slave ships. After killing a
mutinous subordinate, he fled to the British colony of Virginia to avoid being
arrested and in c.1775 joined the newly established Continental Navy. During
the ensuing war with Great Britain, Jones participated in several naval
engagements with the Royal Navy. He led a naval campaign in the Irish and North
Seas, attacking British naval and merchant shipping, and other civilian
targets. As part of the campaign, he raided the English town of Whitehaven, won
the North Channel Naval Duel and fought the Battle of Flamborough Head, gaining
him an international reputation.
Left
without a command in 1787, Jones joined the Imperial Russian Navy and rose to
the rank of rear admiral. However, after Jones was accused of raping a young
girl, he was forced out of the Russian navy. A Freemason, Jones made many
friends among U.S. political elites, including John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson,
and Benjamin Franklin.
Jones
sailed from the Delaware River in February 1776 aboard Alfred on the
Continental Navy's maiden cruise. It was aboard this vessel that Jones took the
honour of hoisting the first U.S. ensign, the Continental Union Flag, over a
naval vessel. On February 6, 1778, France signed the Treaty of Alliance with
America, formally recognizing the independence of the new American republic.
Eight days later, Captain Jones's Ranger became the first American naval vessel
to be formally saluted by the French, with a nine-gun salute fired from Captain
La Motte-Piquet's flagship. Jones writes of the event: "I accepted his
offer all the more for after all it was a recognition of our independence and
in the nation". On April 10, Jones set sail from Brest, France, for the
western coasts of Great Britain.
In 1780
King Louis XVI of France honored Jones with the title "Chevalier".
Jones accepted the honor and desired the title to be used thereafter: when the Continental
Congress in 1787 resolved that a medal of gold be struck in commemoration of
his "valor and brilliant services" it was to be presented to
"Chevalier John Paul Jones". He also received from Louis XVI a decoration
of "l'Institution du Mérite Militaire" and a sword. By contrast, in
Britain at this time, he was usually denigrated as a pirate. Jones was admitted
as an original member of The Society of the Cincinnati in Pennsylvania when it
was established in 1783.
In June
1782, Jones was appointed to command the 74-gun USS America, but his command
fell through when Congress decided to give America to the French as a
replacement for the wrecked Le Magnifique. As a result, he was given an
assignment in Europe in 1783 to collect prize money due his former hands. At
length, this too expired and Jones was left without prospects for active
employment, leading him on April 23, 1787, to enter into the service of the
Empress Catherine II of Russia, who placed great confidence in Jones, saying:
"He will get to Constantinople". He was granted the name as a French
subject Павел де Жонес (Pavel de Zhones, Paul de Jones).
As a rear
admiral aboard the 24-gun flagship Vladimir, he took part in the naval campaign
in the Dnieper-Bug Liman, an arm of the Black Sea, into which the Southern Bug
and Dnieper rivers flow, against the Turks, in concert with the Dnieper
Flotilla commanded by Prince Charles of Nassau-Siegen. Jones faced a
considerably larger Turkish fleet, comprising over 100 vessels, including 18
ships of the line and 40 frigates. Jones' ships were poorly built, manned by
impressed serfs, and were not fully armed. Additionally, he had to communicate
with his fleet through a translator.
On March
31, 1789, Jones was accused of raping a 10-year-old Russian girl named Katerina
Stepanova, a "daughter of German immigrants living in St.
Petersburg."She lived with her
mother, who took care of her and began the legal proceedings.
he rape
had been reported slightly over a day after it was said to have occurred, which
meant the case would ordinarily not have continued due to Russian statutory
codes considering any such delay evidence of consent, but Catherine intervened
directly to allow the legal proceedings to continue (she was known to intercede
in "cases where women faced insurmountable odds"without Russian support against the judgment
of the Russian sovereign." However, the international pressure applied by
American and French connections via the Comte de Ségur persuaded Catherine to
grant Jones two years' leave abroad, a de facto exile, rather than the usual
punishment for rape by an officer of decapitation or a lifetime of penal labor.
In May
1790, Jones arrived in Paris. He retained his position as Russian rear admiral,
with a corresponding pension which allowed him to remain in retirement, but he
was no longer able to find a foothold in Paris society.During this time he made several attempts to
re-enter the service in the Russian Navy. However, Catherine did not respond to
his letters, explaining to their go-between Baron von Grimm that Jones' service
record was not exceptional, and that as a result of the rape suit against
Jones, Russian seamen refused to serve under him. Catherine also used her
influence to block attempts by Jones to join the Danish and Swedish navies.
In June
1792, Jones was appointed U.S. Consul to treat with the Dey of Algiers for the
release of American captives. Before Jones was able to fulfill his appointment,
he was found dead lying face-down on his bed in his third-floor Paris
apartment, No. 19 Rue de Tournon, in the 6th arrondissement, on July 18, 1792.
He was 45 years old. The cause of death was interstitial nephritis. He was
buried in Paris at the Saint-Louis Cemetery, which belonged to the French royal
family. In their obituaries, the American press had partially forgotten his
achievements, and some describe him as a French war hero.
Upon his
death, Jones was owed significant money and land by others. He was never
directly paid for his service on the Bonhomme Richard and had instead been
forced to purloin part of the sum paid to the vessel's officers.
Jones's
grave was either unmarked, or the marker was stolen at an unknown point. By the
time Americans began searching for his coffin in 1899, the record of his burial
plot had also been lost, burned by the Paris Commune during the semaine
sanglante. Meanwhile, his personal papers had been transferred among
several people and finally were displayed in the shop window of a New York
bakery, where in 1824 a customer noticed them and purchased them. A New York
newspaper describes the papers as documents belonging to "Franklin,
Hancock, La Fayette and John Adams," failing to mention Jones.
In 1905,
Jones' remains were identified by U.S. Ambassador to France General Horace
Porter, who had searched for six years to track down the body using a poor 1851
copy of the missing burial record. . With the aid of an old map of Paris,
Porter's team, which included anthropologist Louis Capitan, identified the site
of the former St. Louis Cemetery for Alien Protestants. Sounding probes were
used to search for lead coffins, and five coffins were ultimately exhumed. The
third, unearthed on April 7, 1905, was immediately recognized as Jones' by the
excavators.
Jones's
body was brought to the United States aboard the USS Brooklyn (CA-3), escorted
by three other cruisers, one being the USS Tacoma (CL-20). On approaching the
American coastline, seven United States Navy battleships joined the procession
escorting Jones's body back to America. On April 24, 1906, Jones's coffin was
installed in Bancroft Hall at the U.S. Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland,
following a ceremony in Dahlgren Hall, presided by President Theodore Roosevelt
who gave a speech paying tribute to Jones and holding him up as an example to
the officers of the Navy.
On January 26, 1913, the captain's remains were
finally re-interred in a bronze and marble sarcophagus, designed by Sylvain
Salières, at the Naval Academy Chapel in Annapolis. (wikipedia, LuLac)
US, ISRAEL AND IRAN AGREE TO A 2-WEEK CEASEFIRE BUT MUCH
REMAINS UNCLEAR AND SOME ATTACKS CONTINUE
Iran, the United States and Israel agreed to
a two-week ceasefire in an 11th-hour deal that headed off U.S. President Donald
Trump’s threat to unleash a bombing campaign to destroy Iranian civilization.
But hours after the announcement, Iran and Gulf Arab countries reported new
attacks Wednesday.
It was not clear if the strikes would scuttle
the deal, which U.S. Vice President JD Vance called “fragile.”
Even before the new attacks, much about the
agreement was unclear as the sides presented vastly different visions of the
terms.
— Iran said the deal would allow it to
formalize its new practice of charging ships passing through the Strait of
Hormuz, a crucial transit lane for oil. But the details were not clear, nor was
it known whether vessels would feel safe using the channel or whether ship
traffic had resumed. It also was unclear whether any other country agreed to
this condition.
— Pakistan, which helped to mediate the deal,
and others said fighting would pause in Lebanon, where Israel has launched a
ground invasion against the Iran-backed Hezbollah militant group. Israel said
it would not, and strikes hit Beirut on Wednesday.
— The fate of Iran’s missile and nuclear
programs — the elimination of which were major objectives for the U.S. and
Israel in going to war — also remained unclear. Trump said the U.S. would work
with Iran to remove buried enriched uranium, though Iran did not confirm that.
In the streets of Tehran, pro-government
demonstrators screamed: “Death to America, death to Israel, death to
compromisers!” after the ceasefire announcement and burned American and Israeli
flags.
The chants underscored the anger animating
hard-liners, who have been preparing for what many assumed would be an
apocalyptic battle with the United States. Trump warned Tuesday that “a whole
civilization will die tonight,” if a deal wasn’t reached.
While Iran could not match the sophistication
of U.S. and Israeli weaponry or their dominance in the air, its ability to
control the Strait of Hormuz proved a tremendous strategic advantage. Iranian
attacks and threats deterred many commercial ships from passing through the
waterway, through which 20% of all traded oil and natural gas passes in
peacetime.
That roiled the world economy and raised the
pressure on Trump both at home and abroad to find a way out of the standoff.
The ceasefire may formalize a system of charging
fees in the strait that Iran instituted — and give it a new source of revenue.
So Trump says the troops will hang around the
strait but that might be a dangerous if not provocative move. The bottom line
here is that Trump has become the American Putin. He thought bombing Iran was
going to be a cakewalk. Just as Putin thought invading Ukraine was going to be
a two-week effort. It wasn’t in both cases. Trump’s backing out of the Obama
Kerry accord with Iran which reduced the hances for an atomic weapon was an
egotistical racist blunder that he is now paying for.
That stated, look for Trump to say, “We won”,
“we prevailed”, “I made peace” and “It was my leadership that led to this
success”.I will bet on or all of those
phrases will be coming out of his mouth. He can say that a thousand times, but
when you have a country saying “death to America” or “death to compromisers”,
THAT AIN’T GOOD.(AP, LuLac
BERNIE MENGRENHAUSEN
Bernie Mengrenhausen passed away the other day and he was
known as a fixture in Wilkes-Barre city politics and business. Always ready to
lend a helping hand with a big smile, this guy will be missed. Bernie served on
the Wilkes-Barre City Housing Authority, and he also served as chairman for the
Wilkes-Barre Industrial Development Authority and Economic Development
Corporation. He was a Luzerne County and Pennsylvania Sheriff's Association
member. Bernie served on the finance committee of the Wyoming Valley Habitat
for Humanity and as the treasurer for Wilkes-Barre Catholic Social Services.
Bernie was a board member of the Salvation Army, the St. Vincent de Paul
Kitchen, and a board member and treasurer for Mercy Hospital. He also served on
the King's College President's Council and as chairman for the Catholic Youth Canter.
e was a member of the German-Austrian Union and a Gold Member of the St.
Conrad's Young Men's Society. Bernie was a fourth- degree member of the Knights
of Columbus, Wilkes-Barre Council 302, and the Alhambra Caravan # 4. He was
very active and served as past president and current board member of the
Wilkes-Barre Kiwanis Club and Wilkes-Barre Kiwanis Wheelchair Club. He was also
an active member of the Wilkes-Barre Jaycees and JCI Senators, serving as past
president and state officer. Bernie was a volunteer board member of the F.M.
Kirby Center for the Performing Arts.
I was Bernie’s roommate in Washington, D.C. in 1986 when the
Wilkes-Barre Kiwanis Club traveled to meet then Vice President George H.W.
Bush. The trip was arranged by Rob Friedman through the good offices of Mark
Holtzman. Bernie strove and was great company. We formed a friendly bond after
that trip and that day, The Kiwanis
wheelchair club was/is one of the cornerstones of the club.
As we stood in line to meet Mr. Bush, Bernie nudged me and
said, “This is something, two Democrats from Wilkes-Barre meeting a Republican!”
I replied, “I won’t tell”. He retorted, “You better not or you’ll walk hone”. As
I go to work every day AT Wilkes Barre City Hall, I’m honored to walk in the same
path that this good man did. RIP Bernie.
GARRITTY’S COMPLAINS
ABOUT
SHAPIRO MARKETING
State
Treasurer Stacey Garritty has been complaining about Governo Josh Shapro’s
Public Relations budget calling it a multimillion dollar tax payer media
outreach campaign. Yet Garritty is on the site taking advantage of it. And she
like the Attorney General and Auditor General are included in that. But DON’T
use it as a campaign issue because maybe you’ll be called a
hypocrite”.
https://pacast.com/m?p=29071
BRESNAHAN ANNOUNCES
NEPA LEADER
DR. LINDA THOMAS-HEMAK
APPOINTED TO NATIONAL
HEALTHCARE ADVISORY COMMITTEE
U.S. Representative Rob Bresnahan, Jr. announced that Dr.
Linda Thomas-Hemak, MD, President and CEO of The Wright Centers for Community
Health and Graduate Medical Education, has been appointed to a federal
healthcare advisory committee tasked with improving patient care and
modernizing the nation’s healthcare system.
Dr. Thomas-Hemak was selected from over 400 applicants to
serve on the 18-person board by the U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services (HHS) and the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). Rep.
Bresnahan provided a letter of recommendation for her appointment to the board.
“Dr. Thomas-Hemak’s appointment is an outstanding
achievement and a big win for Northeastern Pennsylvania,” said Rep. Bresnahan.
“She has spent her career expanding access to care, training the next
generation of providers, and delivering results for patients in our
communities. Now, she’ll bring that same real-world experience to the national
stage, helping shape policies that impact families across the country, and her
voice will help ensure communities like ours are part of the conversation.”
The Wright Center, headquartered in Scranton, has been a
national model for community-based healthcare and graduate medical education,
with a mission focused on increasing access to affordable, high-quality care,
particularly in underserved and rural areas.
“I am deeply honored to be appointed to this
distinguished federal Healthcare Advisory Committee that carries the important
responsibility to provide thoughtful, expert guidance on strengthening the
financing and delivery of care across Medicare, Medicaid, the Children’s Health
Insurance Program, and the Health Insurance Marketplace,” said Dr.
Thomas-Hemak. “For more than 25 years, I have worked on the front lines as a physician,
medical educator, and health system leader committed to advancing practical,
patient-centered, evidence-based solutions. I am especially grateful to
Congressman Bresnahan for his support and commitment to ensuring that the
voices of Northeastern Pennsylvania and communities like ours are represented
at the national level. “The federal advisory committee brings together
healthcare leaders to provide recommendations on improving quality of care,
strengthening the healthcare force, a and modernizing systems to better serve
patients
ONE YEAR LATER,
GOVERNOR SHAPIRO
AND FIRST LADY SHAPIRO COMMEMORATE ARSON
ATTACK ON THE GOVERNOR'S RESIDENCE WITH
INTERFAITH LEADERS
Governor Shapiro and First
Lady Shapiro Host Interfaith Roundtable, Commemorate One Year Since the Attack
on the Governor's Residence
Governor Josh Shapiro and First Lady Lori Shapiro held a
roundtable discussion commemorating the first Passover Seder to be hosted at
the Governor's Residence since the arson attack one year ago on the first night
of Passover. Pennsylvania leaders from different faiths came together to offer
their prayers and support, and spoke about the importance of condemning all
forms of political violence.
Under Governor and First Lady Shapiro, the State
Reception Room - the first room the arsonist attacked with a molotov cocktail -
has hosted a number of faith-based gatherings over the last three years,
including celebrations for Passover, Hannukah, Christmas, and Ramadan.
"In the last year, our family has found real healing
in the prayers and the offerings of strength that we have received from people
all across Pennsylvania and the country - especially those who don't worship
like us, who come to their religions with different practices, and different
approaches, but with the same throughline in our faiths and our shared
humanity," said Governor Shapiro. "Now, I think it is so important we
reaffirm our commitment to peace and our commitment to the principle of
understanding that we may have disagreements, but violence is never the
answer."
MEDIA MATTERS
WVIA NEWS
WALN
BOLD GOLD COMMUNITY FORUM
You'll hear
the program Sunday at 6 on 94.3 The Talker; 6:30 on 1400 am The Mothership and
7:30 am on 105 The River.
THE LAURIE CADDEN SHOW
Tune in
every Saturday morning at 9am for The Laurie Cadden Show on WILK FM 103.1 and
AM 980 and 910. Laurie’s program has been a northeastern Pennsylvania mainstay
every Saturday. Tune in to hear her insights and take on local issues as well
as entertaining and informative interviews.
BOBBY V’S DOO WOP SUNDAY NIGHT SOCK HOP
BEATLE EDD’S FAB FOUR MUSIC HOUR
Tune in
every week to the Home of Rock and Roll for a jam packed, unpredictable hour
starting at 9am Sundays. Host Edd Raineri gives you facts and great music from
the immortal Fab Four on ROCK 107.
THE
LULAC TIME MACHINE
GEMINI 1 MERCURY
SUCCESSOR
April
1964
Gemini 1
was the first mission in NASA's Gemini program.An uncrewed test flight of the
Gemini spacecraft, its main objectives were to test the structural integrity of
the new spacecraft and modified Titan II launch vehicle. It was also the first
test of the new tracking and communication systems for the Gemini program and
provided training for the ground support crews for the first crewed missions.
Originally
scheduled for launch in December 1963, difficulties in the development of both
the spacecraft and its booster caused four months of delay. Gemini 1 was launched
from Launch Complex 19 at Cape Kennedy (now Canaveral), Florida on April 8,
1964. The spacecraft stayed attached to the second stage of the rocket. The
mission lasted for three orbits while test data were taken, but the spacecraft
stayed in space for almost 64 orbits until its orbit decayed due to atmospheric
drag. The spacecraft was not intended to be recovered, and holes were drilled
through its heat shield to ensure it would not survive re-entry.
Project
Gemini was conceived as a bridge between America's single-seat Project Mercury
and the three-seat Project Apollo. With a design largely extrapolated from its
predecessor, the Gemini spacecraft would allow two astronauts to conduct
the maneuvers inherent in Apollo's lunar mission: rendezvous, docking, and
changing of orbit. Moreover, Gemini would support astronauts in space for
extended flights, approximating the expected length of the Apollo missions.
After a
flawless countdown, Gemini 1's Titan II booster lifted off from Cape Kennedy's
(now Canaveral) Launch Complex 19[4]:194 at 11:00:01 EDT, April 8, 1964.[4]:197 The first
stage was jettisoned after two and a half minutes with the rocket 64 kilometers
(40 mi; 35 nmi) high and 91 kilometers (57 mi; 49 nmi) downrange. At that
moment, there was an unexpected three-second loss of signal from the craft. It
was later determined that this brief communications blackout was caused by
charged ions from the separation and startup of the second stage, similar to
the blackout during spacecraft reentry. All subsequent Gemini flights would
have the same brief blackout.
The
spacecraft achieved orbit five and a half minutes after launch. The launch
vehicle had imparted an excess 7 meters (24 feet) per second of velocity to the
Gemini 1, placing the spacecraft into an orbit with an apogee of 320 kilometers
(200 mi; 170 nmi) instead of the planned 299 kilometers (186 mi; 161 nmi). This
lengthened Gemini 1's lifespan from the planned three and a half days to four.
The formal
mission of Gemini 1 was over long before that. Its battery had only been
designed to last a single orbit, and only the first three orbits — lasting four
hours and 50 minutes — were part of the flight plan. Gemini 1 and its attached
second stage were tracked by the Manned Space Flight Network until they
reentered over the South Atlantic, midway between South America and Africa, on
April 12, 1964, during their 64th orbit.
As a result
of the successful flight, the Titan II was considered "man-rated"
(safe for use in human spaceflight). Man-rating the Gemini capsule itself would
not be accomplished until the launch of Gemini 2 nine months later, on January
19, 1965.
With the
four astronauts on their way home, Gemini 1 is a reminder of how far we’ve come
in the exploration of space. Gemini was truly the successful bridge between
Mercury and Apollo with no human casualties in the two programs….and this week
in 1964 the number one song in LuLac land and America was ”Can’t Buy Me Love” by The Beatles.
By the way,
this was the week that the Beatles ruled the top 5 with “Twist and Shout” (2)
“She Loves You” (3) “I Want to Hold Your Hsnd” (4) and “Please, Please Me” at
(5).
Location: Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania, United States
Political analyst for WBRE TV's Pa. Live program and post election commentator for WBRE TV's Eyewitness News Daybreak show. Author of the book "A Radio Story/We Wish You Well In Your Future Endeavors" and "Leges Vitae" "26 Rules of Life" and the new novel, "Weather Or Knot". The blog editor also writes various news articles and columns as well as upcoming literary projects. The blog editor was a frequent guest on WYOU TV'S INTERACTIVE NEWSCASTS when political issues were discussed on the national, state and local level. Yonki was a weekly panelist on WYLN TV 35's Friday Topic A program. He also appeared on the Hazleton, PA. station on Election Night doing coverage and did special projects and stories for WYLN TV 35's 10PM Newscast "Late Edition".